Are Tourism and Energy Consumption Linked? Evidence from Australia

Tourism contributes to the growth of an economy via earning foreign currencies and employment opportunities. However, tourism also greater energy consumption because various tourist activities such as hotel accommodations transportation. This study investigates long-term cointegrating relationship between international arrivals primary in Australia. In addition, roles gross domestic product, fixed capital formation, financial development, total population on are examined. The covered last four decades (1976–2018) using data from Australian Bureau Statistics, BP Statistical Review, World Development Indicators. Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Phillips-Perron, Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound tests, Johansen Juselius, Bayer-Hanck cointegration test, several key diagnostic tests have been conducted assess relationship. estimated results indicate that arrivals, development a significant long-run with consumption. Policy measures suggested based findings this study.